Resolving tied or drawn matches
In general, there are several methods of determining a winner which are commonly used across various sports:
Some other measure may be used, such as aggregate point difference.
A game may continue on in extra time. In order to ensure a quick result, some form of sudden death rule may apply.
In some sports, a penalty shootout or bowl-out may occur.
A rematch may occur at a later date, especially if a winner must occur (in a final).
The result might be decided by chance (e.g. a toss of a coin) when no objective method of determining a result remains.
The rules governing the resolution of drawn matches are rarely uniform across an entire sport, and are usually specified by the rules of the competition.
Examples
American Football: Tie games, which were commonplace through the 1960s, have become exceedingly rare with the introduction of sudden death overtime. The most recent tie was in an NFL preseason game on August 31, 2006, when the Dallas Cowboys and Minnesota Vikings played to a 10-10 draw. The most recent regular season tie happened on November 10, 2002, when the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Atlanta Falcons tied, 34-34.
In the National Football League, an additional period is played, and the game ends when one side scores by any method. In the regular season, if the score remains even at the end of one extra period, the game is declared a tie; in the playoffs, the game continues until a winner is determined.
The unpopularity of ties in American sports is reflected in the saying, "A tie is like kissing your sister." The earliest known use of the phrase was by Navy football coach Eddie Erdelatz after a scoreless tie against Duke in 1953.
October 6, 1990: Kansas and Iowa State end their game in a 34-34 tie, giving KU the all-time NCAA Division I-A record for number of tie games with 57.Since then, NCAA football games have a tie-breaking rule, so only a rule change would allow this record to be broken. The only exception would be if teams agree to a draw because of severe weather conditions (if a non-conference game is tied, and severe weather strikes before overtime (lightning), the teams may agree to a draw for the safety of the players, as NCAA rules are stringent on lightning delays).
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